Cheyenne

Cheyenne (shy-AN or shy-EN) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Wyoming, as well as the county seat of Laramie County, with 65,132 residents, per the 2020 US Census. It is the northern terminus of the extensive Southern Rocky Mountain Front, which extends southward to Albuquerque, New Mexico, and includes the fast-growing Front Range Urban Corridor. Cheyenne grew so quickly it gained the nickname of "Magic City of the Plains" The city has a total area of 24.63 square miles (63.79 km²), of which 24.52 square miles of land is land and 0.11 sq km of water. It has a semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) and is part of the USDA 5a BSk zone. The city is one of the least centrally located state capitals in the nation (together with cities such as Carson City, Nevada; Juneau, Alaska; Tallahassee, Florida; and Topeka, Kansas). It is located on Crow Creek and Dry Creek, which is a tributary of the Little Piney River. The town was named for the Cheyennes Native American people in 1867 when it was founded in the Dakota Territory. On July 25, 1868, the United States organized the Territory of Wyoming. On December 10, 1869, the first session of the Wyoming Territorial Legislature met in Cheynee.

History

Cheyenne is the primary city name, but also Fe Warren AFB are acceptable city names or spellings. The Union Pacific Railroad platted its Crow Creek Crossing townsite on July 5, 1867. Cheyenne grew so quickly it gained the nickname of "Magic City of the Plains" On July 25, 1868, the United States organized the Territory of Wyoming. The Wyoming State Capitol was constructed between 1886 and 1890, with further improvements being completed in 1917. On December 10, 1869, the legislature passed and Territorial Governor Campbell signed an act to re-incorporate the Town ofCheyenne, Wyoming Territory. On July 10, 1890, the Territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Wyoming, and the first session of the Wyoming Territorial Legislature met in Cheynee. The Cheyennes Regional Airport was opened in 1920, initially serving as a stop for airmail. It soon developed into a civil-military airport, serving DC-3s and various military craft. During World War II, hundreds of B-17s, B-24s, and PBYs were outfitted and upgraded at the airfield. The fort was transferred to the new United States Air Force and was renamed Francis E. Warren Air Force Base in October 1949. It serves a number of military functions, and as a high-altitude testbed for civilian craft. It is the only capital of Wyoming and was the first U.S. state or territory to grant suffrage to women. It was named Fort D.A. Russell in honor of Brigadier General David Allen Russell.

Geography

Cheyenne, like much of Wyoming, has a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) and is part of USDA Hardiness zone 5b. Winters are cold and moderately long, but relatively dry with highs often above freezing. Summers are warm, with a high diurnal temperature range; July averages 69.4 °F (20.8 °C) The city averages below 60% daily relative humidity in each month and receives an average 2,980 hours (~67% of the possible total) of sunshine annually. An F3 tornado struck Cheyenne on July 16, 1979, causing one death and 40 injuries. It was the most destructive tornado in Wyoming history. The city has a total area of 24.63 square miles (63.79 km²), of which 24.52 square miles [63.51 km²] is land and 0.11 sq miles (0.28 km²) is water. It is one of the least centrally located state capitals in the nation (together with cities such as Carson City, Nevada; Juneau, Alaska; Tallahassee, Florida; and Topeka, Kansas). The city is located near the southeast corner of the state, near the border with South Dakota, and near the state capital of Casper, Wyoming. It has a normal mean temperature of 27.7°F (2.4°C), highs that fail to breach freezing for 35 days per year, and lows that dip to the 0 °F mark on 9.2 mornings. The annual precipitation of 15.9 inches (400 mm) tends to be concentrated from May to August.

Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 59,467 people, 25,558 households, and 15,270 families living in the city. Cheyenne is the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Wyoming. At the 2019 American Community Survey, the city had an owner-occupied housing rate of 65.9% with a median value at $214,300. There were 27,344 households from 2015 to 2019, and an average of 2.20 persons per household. In 2020, the racial makeup of the city was 87.44% White, 2.88% African American, 096% Native American, 1.24% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 7.7% Hispanic or Latin American of any race. The median income for a household in theCity was $38,856, and the median income. for a family was $46,771. The per capita income for the city is $19,809. About 6.3% of families and 8.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.1% of those under age 18 and 5.8%. The median age in the City was 36.5 years at the 2010 census. Twenty-four percent of residents were under the age of 18; 9.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26. 9% were from 25 to 44; and 13.2% were 65 years of age or older. The city's population was 872.2 at the 2005 census.

Arts and culture

Cheyenne Frontier Days, which is held over ten days centered around the last full week in July, is the largest outdoor rodeo in the US. During this week there are many parades and other events. The festival has been held since 1897. Over fifty different locations in Cheyenne are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, including: Tivoli Building, Governor's Mansion, First Presbyterian Church, First United Methodist Church, St. Mark's Episcopal Church, High Plains Arboretum, Park Addition School, and Big Boy Steam Engine. The city is also home to F.E. Warren Air Force Base, one of the United States's oldest, continuously active installations (originally U.S. Army Fort D.A. Russell) The city also has a number of historic districts, including the downtown area, Lakeview Historic District, Rainsford Historic District and the Capitol North Historic District. The town is home to the Wyoming State Capitol, which was built in 1876. The state's motto is "The State of Wyoming is the State of the Frontier" and the state motto is, "Wyoming is the Land of the Free and the Home of the Brave". The city's motto also refers to the state's first president, William Sturgis, who was elected in 1874. The motto is a reference to the fact that the state is the home of the free and home of many free and brave men and women. The word "free" means that the city is free and the word "the land" means "the place" or "the people".

Sports

The Cheyenne Warriors were founded as an American Professional Football League team in 2012. After playing a season in the APFL, they announced a move to the Indoor Football League. Shortly after the owner of the team died in December 2012, the Warriors announced that they were forming the new Developmental Football League, but the team folded in May 2013. The team played in the Developmental League until the end of the 2012 season. The Warriors played their home games at Pioneer Park, Powers Field, Bison Stadium and Okie-Blanchard Stadium. They also played games at the Ice and Events Center, Pioneer Park and Powers Field. They played their away games at Okie Blanchard and Bison stadiums. They have also played some games in the National Football League at the University of Wyoming at Laramie. They play in the Arena Football League and the National Rugby League at Casper, Wyoming at the Casper Events Center and the Wyoming Football Stadium at the Wyoming Valley College campus. They are a member of the American Football Conference and the North American Football Association. They were founded in 2012 and play in a division of the NFL's Western Conference. They won the league's Western Division in 2011 and 2012. They lost the league championship in 2013 and were eliminated in the first round of the playoffs in 2014. Their last game was against the Green Bay Packers, who they had won the previous two seasons. They finished the season with a record of 2-2. They had previously played in three different leagues, including the NFL, the AFL and the NFL.

Parks and recreation

The Cheyenne Community Recreation and Events Department operates an Ice and Events center, swimming pool, skateboard park, two golf courses. The department also operates a 37 miles (60 kilometers) Greater Cheyennes Greenway system. It includes many bridges and underpasses where travelers can avoid high traffic roads and travel above waterways and drainages. In 1996, as a result of the greenway, the city was named a "Trail Town USA" by the National Park service and the American Hiking Society. It is known that the famous bicycler, Cheyyenne Otero, spent many weekends there training for marathons. The city is home to the Paul Smith Children's Village at the Gardens, which is open to the public in the summer. It also has a miniature golf park, a community house, cemeteries, forestry operations, community house and a youth center. The town is also home to a museum, a library, a theater, a bowling alley, a pool, a skate park and a community center. It was named after the town's first mayor, who died in a car crash in 1881. It's also the home of the famous bicyclist, who spent many days a week in the park training for his marathon. The community center is located in the city's downtown area, and is open in the evenings and on the weekends. It has a swimming pool and a children's center, as well as other activities for children.

Government

Cheyenne's government consists of a mayor and a city council, elected on a non-partisan basis. The current Mayor, Patrick Collins, a bicycle shop owner, took office on January 4, 2021 with a term ending January 6, 2025. The mayor's office is responsible for managing the various city departments which consist of Police, Fire Rescue, Planning and Development, Engineering, Public Works, Treasury, Attorneys Office, Human Resources, and Municipal Court. The Cheyenne Board of Public Utilities is owned by the city but is semi-autonomous. The city council has nine members each of whom are elected from one of three wards. Each ward elects three members, and the mayor is elected in a citywide vote. It is the only city in Wyoming that has a mayor who is not a member of the Republican or Democratic parties. It has a population of 3,000, with the majority of residents living in the city's downtown area, which is located on the eastern edge of the city. It also has a large percentage of residents who live outside the city limits, especially in rural areas. The population of the town is 2,000. It was the site of the U.S. Civil War, which began in 1858. The town's first mayor was elected in 1881. The first city council was formed in 1883, and it has been re-elected every four years since then. It currently has a total of nine members, with three members elected from each of the three wards, and one member from each ward.

Education

Cheyenne is home to the Laramie County Community College (LCCC), one of seven constituent campuses managed by the Wyoming Community College Commission. Cheyenne has a public library, a branch of the Lar amie County Library System. Public education in the city is provided by Laramies County School District #1. The district is served by four high schools, Central High, East High, South High, and Triumph High. The city is also home to a public hospital, the University of Wyoming Medical Center, and a public elementary school, the Wyoming Elementary and Middle School. It is also the home of the Wyoming High School for Girls, which was founded in the 1950s. The town's high school is Central High on the northwest side. The high school's football team is known as the Cowboys. The school's mascot is the quarterback, who was named after a famous Cowboys player, Billie Joe Armstrong. It also has a football field, which is named for a former coach, Billy Joe Armstrong, who died in a car accident in the 1970s. It has a high school track and field team, which has been renamed the Cowboys Track and Field Team. The football team has a baseball field, the Cowboys Field and Field Club, which opened in the 1990s. There is also a football stadium, the Cowboy Field House, which dates back to the 1930s and is located in the center of the city. It was the site of the opening of the U.S. Army Ammunition Plant in the early 1900s.

Air Quality, Water Quality, Superfund Sites & UV Index

The Air Quality index is in Cheyenne, Laramie County, Wyoming = 97.5. These Air Quality index is based on annual reports from the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The number of ozone alert days is used as an indicator of air quality, as are the amounts of seven pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and volatile organic chemicals. The Water Quality Index is 36. A measure of the quality of an area’s water supply as rated by the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The EPA has a complex method of measuring the watershed quality, using 15 indicators such as pollutants, turbidity, sediments, and toxic discharges. The Superfund Sites Index is 89. Higher is better (100=best). Based upon the number and impact of EPA Superfund pollution sites in the county, including spending on the cleanup efforts. The UV Index in Cheyenne = 4.7 and is a measure of an area's exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. This is most often a combination of sunny weather, altitude, and latitude. The UV Index has been defined by the WHO (www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-the-ultraviolet-(uv)-index) and is uniform worldwide.

Employed

The most recent city population of 65,132 individuals with a median age of 38 age the population grows by 3.70% in Cheyenne, Laramie County, Wyoming population since 2000 and are distributed over a density of 1,991.23 residents per square mile of area (768.82/km²). There are average 2.31 people per household in the 23,370 households with an average household income of $51,081 a year. The unemployment rate in Alabama is 6.70% of the available work force and has dropped -4.72% over the most recent 12-month period and the projected change in job supply over the next decade based on migration patterns, economic growth, and other factors will increase by 23.86%. The number of physicians in Cheyenne per 100,000 population = 229.9.

Weather

The annual rainfall in Cheyenne = 15.2 inches and the annual snowfall = 55.2 inches. The annual number of days with measurable precipitation (over .01 inch) = 100. The average number of days per year that are predominantly sunny = 236. 83 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily high temperature for the month of July and 15.5 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily low temperature for the month of January. The Comfort Index (higher=better) is 65, where higher values mean a more pleasant climate. The Comfort Index measure recognizes that humidity by itself isn't the problem. (Have you noticed nobody ever complains about the weather being 'cold and humid?) It's in the summertime that we notice the humidity the most, when it's hot and muggy. Our Comfort Index uses a combination of afternoon summer temperature and humidity to closely predict the effect that the humidity will have on people.

Median Home Cost

The percentage of housing units in Cheyenne, Laramie County, Wyoming which are owned by the occupant = 60.78%. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home, or room occupied as separate living quarters. The average age of homes = 39 years with median home cost = $157,900 and home appreciation of -0.26%. This is the value of the years most recent home sales data. Its important to note that this is not the average (or arithmetic mean). The median home price is the middle value when you arrange all the sales prices of homes from lowest to highest. This is a better indicator than the average, because the median is not changed as much by a few unusually high or low values. The property tax rate of $6.65 shown here is the rate per $1,000 of home value. If for simplification for example the tax rate is $14.00 and the home value is $250,000, the property tax would be $14.00 x ($250,000/1000), or $3500. This is the 'effective' tax rate.

Study

The local school district spends $6,297 per student. There are 14.2 students for each teacher in the school, 262 students for each Librarian and 214 students for each Counselor. 8.95% of the area’s population over the age of 25 with an Associate Degree or other 2-year college degree, 16.17% with a master’s degree, Ph.D. or other advanced college degree and 8.58% with high school diplomas or high school equivalency degrees (GEDs).