Nashville

Nashville is the capital city of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the seat of Davidson County. Located on the Cumberland River, the city is the center of the Nashville metropolitan area, which is one of the fastest growing in the nation. The city is governed by a mayor, a vice-mayor, and a 40-member metropolitan council; 35 of the members are elected from single-member districts, while the other five are elected at-large. Nashville seceded with Tennessee during the American Civil War; in 1862 it was the first state capital in the Confederacy to be taken by Union forces. It is home to three major professional sports teams, the Predators, Titans, and Nashville SC. Nashville is sometimes referred to as the "Athens of the South" due to the large number of educational institutions. Entities with headquarters in the city include AllianceBernstein, Asurion, Bridgestone Americas, Captain D's, Hospital Corporation of America, LifeWay Christian Resources, Logan's Roadhouse, and Ryman Hospitality Properties. Nashville has a population of 689,447, making it the 21st most-populous city in the United States, and the fourth most populous city in southeastern U.N. history. It was named for Francis Nash, a general of the Continental Army during theAmerican Revolutionary War, and was founded in 1779. In 1806, Nashville was incorporated as a city and became the county seat of Nashville County, Tennessee; in 1843 it was named as the permanent capital of Tennessee.

History

Nashville is the primary city name, but also Belle Meade are acceptable city names or spellings. The official name is Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County. In 1689, French-Canadian trader Martin Chartier established a trading post on the Cumberland River, near the present-day site of the city. In 1714, a group of French traders under the command of Charles Charleville established a settlement and trading post at the present location of downtown Nashville. By 1800, the city had 345 residents, including 136 enslaved African Americans and 14 free African Americans. In 1806, Nashville was incorporated as a city and became the county seat of Davidson County, Tennessee. The city government of Nashville owned 24 slaves by 1831, and 60 prior to the Civil War. In February 1862, Nashville became the first Confederate state capital to fall to Union troops, and the state was occupied by Union troops for the duration of the war. The Battle of Nashville (December 1516, 1864) was a significant Union victory and perhaps the most decisive tactical victory gained by either side in the war; it was also the war's final major military action in which Tennessee regiments played a large part on both sides. For years Nashville was considered one of the wealthiest southern capitals and a large portion of its prominence was from the iron business. Nashville led the south for iron production. The cholera epidemic that struck Nashville in 1849-1850 took the life of former U.S. President James K. Polk and resulted in high fatalities. Two freedmen, David Jones and Jo Reed, were lynched by White mobs in Nashville by 1872 and 1875, respectively.

Geography

Nashville lies on the Cumberland River in the northwestern portion of the Nashville Basin. Its elevation ranges from its lowest point, 385 feet (117 m) above sea level, to its highest point, 1,163 feet (354 m) in the Radnor Lake State Natural Area. Nashville's first skyscraper, the Life & Casualty Tower, was completed in 1957 and launched the construction of other high rises in downtown Nashville. Of the city's 37 towers of 280 feet tall or taller, 24 have been completed since 2000. The Music City Center opened in May 2013 and is a 1,200,000 square foot (110,000 m2) convention center. Average annual snowfall is about 47 inches (12 cm), mostly falling in January and February and occasionally in March, November and December. The city has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa, Trewa Tartha), with hot, generally cool winters and generally cool summers. The nearby city of Lebanon is notable and even named for its so-called "cedar glades", which occur on soils too poor to support most trees and are instead dominated by Virginian juniper. Blackberry bushes, Virginia pine, loblolly pine, sassafras, red maple, river birch, American beech, river cane, mountain laurel and sycamore are all common native trees, along with many others. In addition to the native forests, the combination of hot summers, abundant rainfall and mild winters permit a wide variety of both temperate and subtropicals to be cultivated easily.

Demographics

As of the 2020 U.S. census, there were 689,447 people, 279,545 households, and 146,241 families residing in the city. The population increase of 88,225, or 14.67% over the 2010 figure of 601,222 residents, represented the largest net population increase in Nashville's history. The dominant religion in Nashville is Christianity, comprising 57.7% of the population. Islam is second largest religion, comprising 0.8%. Nashville has the largest metropolitan area in the state of Tennessee, with a population of 1,989,519. The Nashville metropolitan area encompasses 13 of 41 Middle Tennessee counties: Cannon, Cheatham, Davidson, Dickson, Macon, Maury, Robertson, Rutherford, Smith, Sumner, Trousdale, Williamson, and Wilson. Nashville's foreign-born population more than tripled in size between 1990 and 2000, increasing from 12,662 to 39,596. The city's largest immigrant groups include Mexicans, Kurds, Vietnamese, Laotians, Arabs, and Somalis. There are also smaller communities of Pashtuns from Afghanistan and Pakistan concentrated primarily in Antioch. The American Jewish community in Nashville dates back over 150 years, and numbered about 8,000 in 2015, plus 2,000 Jewish college students. In 2009, about 60,000 Bhutanese refugees were being admitted to the United States, and some were expected to resettle in Nashville. Nashville was one of the few international locations where Iraqi expatriates could vote during the Iraqi election of 2005.

Economy

In the 21st century's second decade, Nashville was described as a "southern boomtown" by numerous publications. Nashville is home to more than 300 health care companies, including Hospital Corporation of America (HCA), the world's largest private operator of hospitals. As of 2012, it was estimated the health care industry contributes US$30 billion per year and 200,000 jobs to the Nashville-area economy. The city hosts headquarters operations for several Protestant denominations, including the United Methodist Church, Southern Baptist Convention, National Baptist Convention USA, and the National Association of Free Will Baptists. In November 2018, Amazon announced its plans to build an operations center in the Nashville area. In April 2021, Oracle announced that it would construct a $1.2 billion campus in Nashville, which is expected to employ 8,500 by 2031. In December 2019, iHeartMedia selected Nashville as the site of its second digital headquarters. In May 2018, AllianceBernstein pledged to build a private client office in the city by mid-2019 and to move its headquarters from New York City to Nashville by 2024. In 2017, it had the third-fastest-growing metropolitan economy in the United States and "adds an average of 100 people a day to its net population increase". The Nashville region was also said to be the "Number One" Metro Area for Professional and Business Service Jobs in America,; Zillow said it has the "hottest Housing market in America". In 2013, the city ranked No. 5 on Forbes' list of the Best Places for Business and Careers.

Culture

Nashville has a vibrant music and entertainment scene spanning a variety of genres. Many popular attractions involve country music, including the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, Belcourt Theatre, and Ryman Auditorium. The city was once home of television shows such as Hee Haw and Pop! Goes the Country, as well as The Nashville Network and later, RFD-TV. Country Music Television and Great American Country currently operate from Nashville. Music Row houses many gospel music and Contemporary Christian music companies centered around 16th and 17th Avenues South. The CabaRay, off Charlotte Pike in West Nashville, opened its doors on January 18, 2018, it offers a Vegas-style dinner and a show atmosphere. Nashville is home to several professional and community theatre companies, such as Nashville Children's Theatre, Nashville Repertory Theatre, the Dance Theatre of Tennessee, and the Women's Theater Project. One of the most prominent professional theatre companies in Nashville is One Circle Players, which has been in operation for over 60 years and has its headquarters in Germantown, Tennessee. Nashville has an active jazz scene, including The Nashville Jazz Machine led by Dave Converse and its current version, the Nashville Jazz Orchestra, led by Jim Williamson. In September 2006, the Schermerhorn Symphony Center opened as the home of the Nashville Symphony. The Tennessee State Capitol is one of the oldest working state capitol buildings in the nation. The Hermitage, the former home of President Andrew Jackson, is one. of the largest presidential homes open to the public, and is also one of. the most visited.

Sports

Nashville is home to five professional sports franchises. Three play at the highest professional level of their respective sports: the Tennessee Titans of the NFL, the Nashville Predators of the NHL, and Nashville SC of Major League Soccer. The city is also home to two minor league teams: the Nashville Sounds of Minor League Baseball's International League and the Music City Fire arena football team of the American Arena League. An investment group, Music City Baseball, seeks to secure a Major League Baseball expansion franchise or lure an existing team to the city. The Nashville Invitational was a golf tournament on the PGA Tour from 1944 to 1946. The Fairgrounds Speedway hosted NASCAR Winston Cup races from 1958 to 1984, NASCAR Busch Series and NASCAR Truck Series in the 1980s and 1990s, and later the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series and ARCA Racing Series. Nashville Superspeedway is located 30 mi (48 km) southeast of Nashville in Gladeville, part of the Nashville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The track held NASCAR sanctioned events from 2001 to 2011 as well as IndyCar races from 2011 to 2008. Nashville will reopen in 2021 and host the premier NASCAR Cup Series for the first time. It hosted the 2019 NFL Draft, which saw an estimated 200,000 fans attend each day. It is also the home to the NCAA college football Music City Open Division I. Nashville Rollergirls are Nashville's only women's flat track roller derby team. They play their home games at the Nashville Fairgrounds Sports Arena.

Parks and gardens

Metro Board of Parks and Recreation owns and manages 10,200 acres (4,100 ha) of land and 99 parks and greenways. Warner Parks consists of a 5,000-square-foot (460 m2) learning center, 20 miles of scenic roads, 12 miles of hiking trails, and 10 miles of horse trails. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers maintains parks on Old Hickory Lake and Percy Priest Lake. The Harbor Island Yacht Club makes its headquarters on Old. Hickory. Lake. Percy Priest. Lake is home to the Vanderbilt Sailing Club and Nashville. Shores. Other parks in Nashville include Centennial Park, Shelby Park, Cumberland Park, and Radnor Lake State Natural Area. Nashville mayor Karl Dean revealed plans for two new riverfront parks on the east and west banks of the Cumberland River downtown. Construction on theEast bank park began in the fall of 2013, and the projected completion date for the west bank park is 2015. It will include room for 6,500 spectators with 2,500 removable seats and additional seating on an overlooking grassy knoll. In addition, the 4.5-acre (1.8 ha) east bank park will include a river landing, providing people access to the river. In regard to the parks' benefits for Nashvillian civilians, Mayor Dean remarked that "if done right, the thermal site can be an iconic park that generations of Nashvillians will be proud of and which they can enjoy".

Law and government

The city of Nashville and Davidson County merged in 1963 as a way for Nashville to combat the problems of urban sprawl. The combined entity is officially known as "Metro Nashville" or simply "Metro" It offers services such as police, fire, electricity, water and sewage treatment. Nashville is governed by a mayor, vice-mayor, and 40-member Metropolitan Council. The current mayor of Nashville is John Cooper. The city is home to the Tennessee Supreme Court's courthouse for Middle Tennessee and the Estes Kefauver Federal Building and United States Courthouse, home of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee. Despite its large size, Nashville has been in a single congressional district for most of the time since Reconstruction; it is currently the 5th District, represented by Democrat Jim Cooper who is also Nashville's current mayor. A Republican has not represented a significant portion of Nashville since 1874. In most years, Democrats have carried Nashville at the presidential level with relatively little difficulty, even in years when they lose Tennessee as a whole. In the 2000 presidential election, Tennessean Democrat Al Gore carried Nashville with over 59% of the vote even as he narrowly lost his home state and thus the presidency. Democratic presidential candidates have failed to carry Davidson County only five times since Reconstruction, in 1928, 1968, 1972, 1984 and 1988. Three state senate districts and part of a fourth are within the county; three are held by Democrats and one by a Republican. Nashville politicians serve as leaders of both the Senate and House Democratic Caucuses.

Education

Nashville has been labeled the "Athens of the South" due to the many colleges and universities in the metropolitan area. Total enrollment in post-secondary education in Nashville is around 43,000. Vanderbilt University is considered one of the nation's leading research universities and is particularly known for its medical, law, and education programs. Nashville is home to more historically Black institutions of higher education than any other city save Atlanta, Georgia: Fisk University, Tennessee State University, Meharry Medical College, and American Baptist College. The Tennessee Board of Regents operates Nashville State Community College and the Nashville branch of the Tennessee Colleges of Applied Technology. The city is served by Metropolitan Nashville Public Schools, which is the second largest school district in Tennessee, and enrolls approximately 85,000 students at 169 schools. In addition, Nashville has numerous private schools, including Montgomery Bell Academy, Harpeth Hall School, University School of Nashville, Lipscomb Academy, The Ensworth School, Christ Presbyterian Academy, Pope John Paul II High School, Franklin Road Academy, Davidson Academy, Nashville Christian School, Donelson Christian Academy, and St. Cecilia Academy. Combined, all of the private schools in Nashville enroll more than 15,000Students. Other nearby institutes of higher Education include Murfreesboro's MTSU, a full-sized public university with Tennessee's second-largest undergraduate population; Daymar College in Franklin; and Cumberland University in Lebanon. Other schools based in Nashville include Belmont University and Trevecca Nazarene University, John A. Gupton College.

Air Quality, Water Quality, Superfund Sites & UV Index

The Air Quality index is in Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee = 31.1. These Air Quality index is based on annual reports from the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The number of ozone alert days is used as an indicator of air quality, as are the amounts of seven pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and volatile organic chemicals. The Water Quality Index is 69. A measure of the quality of an area’s water supply as rated by the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The EPA has a complex method of measuring the watershed quality, using 15 indicators such as pollutants, turbidity, sediments, and toxic discharges. The Superfund Sites Index is 99. Higher is better (100=best). Based upon the number and impact of EPA Superfund pollution sites in the county, including spending on the cleanup efforts. The UV Index in Nashville = 4.6 and is a measure of an area's exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. This is most often a combination of sunny weather, altitude, and latitude. The UV Index has been defined by the WHO (www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-the-ultraviolet-(uv)-index) and is uniform worldwide.

Employed

The most recent city population of 689,447 individuals with a median age of 36.6 age the population grows by 9.99% in Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee population since 2000 and are distributed over a density of 1,420.32 residents per square mile of area (548.39/km²). There are average 2.3 people per household in the 250,584 households with an average household income of $46,671 a year. The unemployment rate in Alabama is of the available work force and has dropped -6.04% over the most recent 12-month period and the projected change in job supply over the next decade based on migration patterns, economic growth, and other factors will increase by 19.02%. The number of physicians in Nashville per 100,000 population = 389.3.

Weather

The annual rainfall in Nashville = 48 inches and the annual snowfall = 10.3 inches. The annual number of days with measurable precipitation (over .01 inch) = 119. The average number of days per year that are predominantly sunny = 205. 90 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily high temperature for the month of July and 28.3 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily low temperature for the month of January. The Comfort Index (higher=better) is 35, where higher values mean a more pleasant climate. The Comfort Index measure recognizes that humidity by itself isn't the problem. (Have you noticed nobody ever complains about the weather being 'cold and humid?) It's in the summertime that we notice the humidity the most, when it's hot and muggy. Our Comfort Index uses a combination of afternoon summer temperature and humidity to closely predict the effect that the humidity will have on people.

Median Home Cost

The percentage of housing units in Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee which are owned by the occupant = 51.41%. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home, or room occupied as separate living quarters. The average age of homes = 32 years with median home cost = $153,650 and home appreciation of -7.24%. This is the value of the years most recent home sales data. Its important to note that this is not the average (or arithmetic mean). The median home price is the middle value when you arrange all the sales prices of homes from lowest to highest. This is a better indicator than the average, because the median is not changed as much by a few unusually high or low values. The property tax rate of $8.51 shown here is the rate per $1,000 of home value. If for simplification for example the tax rate is $14.00 and the home value is $250,000, the property tax would be $14.00 x ($250,000/1000), or $3500. This is the 'effective' tax rate.

Study

The local school district spends $5,141 per student. There are 19.2 students for each teacher in the school, 532 students for each Librarian and 345 students for each Counselor. 5.00% of the area’s population over the age of 25 with an Associate Degree or other 2-year college degree, 20.31% with a master’s degree, Ph.D. or other advanced college degree and 10.22% with high school diplomas or high school equivalency degrees (GEDs).