York

York (Pennsylvania Dutch: Yarrick), known as the White Rose City (after the symbol of the House of York), is the county seat of York County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population within York's city limits was 43,718 at the 2010 census, a 7.0% increase from the 2000 census count of 40,862. When combined with the adjacent boroughs of West York and North York and surrounding Spring Garden, West Manchester, and Springettsbury townships, the population of Greater York was 108,386. York served as the temporary capital of the Continental Congress from September 30, 1777, to June 27, 1778, during the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783). Congress drafted and adopted the Articles of Confederation in York, though they were not ratified until March 1781. The Conway Cabal, a political intrigue against General George Washington, had its origins in the Golden Plough Tavern in York. During the American Civil War (1861-1865), York became the largest Northern town to be occupied by the Confederate army when the division of Major General Jubal Anderson Early spent June 2830, 1863, in and around the town while the brigade of John B. Gordon marched to the Susquehanna River at Wrightsville and back. The York Motor Car Co. built Pullman automobiles on North George St. from 1905 thorough 1917. An early and unique six-wheeled prototype was involved in one of the first known automobile accidents. Another model was driven to San Francisco and back over about one month to prove its reliability.

History

York is the primary city name, but also East York, Springettsbury Township, Sprngtsbry Tp are acceptable city names or spellings, Fayfield, Glades, Locust Grove, Longstown, Mount Zion, Pleasureville, Spry, Stonybrook, Yorklyn, Yorkshire on the other hand no longer accepted or obsolete and are no longer used as a designation. The official name is York, Pennsylvania. York, also known as Yorktown in the mid 18th to early 19th centuries, was founded in 1741 by settlers from the Philadelphia region and named for the English city of the same name. York served as the temporary capital of the Continental Congress from September 30, 1777, to June 27, 1778, during the American Revolutionary War. Congress drafted and adopted the Articles of Confederation in York, though they were not ratified until March 1781. The Conway Cabal, a political intrigue against General George Washington, had its origins in the Golden Plough Tavern in York. During the American Civil War, York became the largest Northern town to be occupied by the Confederate army when the division of Major General Jubal Anderson Early spent June 2830, 1863, in and around the town. Between 1955 and 1970, the people of York experienced racial discrimination leading to riots, most notably the 1969 York Race Riot, which resulted in the death of Lillie Belle Allen and Henry C. Schaad. In 2002, the city faced a budget shortfall of $1,000,000 and Mayor John Brenner asked residents to donate $3.32 to the national "Big Mac" plan. In 2007, York's Santander Stadium saw the first goals of the New York Yankees baseball team to play in the first decade of the century. In 2011, the team won the World Series for the first time in their history, beating the Boston Red Sox in the final game of the season. The game was played in front of a crowd of more than 100,000 people.

Geography

York has a humid continental climate (Dfa) with hot, humid summers and moderately cold winters. The mean annual precipitation total of 41.1 inches (1,040 millimeters) is fairly evenly spread throughout the year, and falls on an average of 126.6 days per annum. Record temperatures from the York COOP range from 107 °F (42 °C), set on July 2, 1901, down to 21°F (29 °C) recorded on January 28, 1925, and January 21, 1994. York also holds the official statewide 24-hour precipitation record of 13.5 in (340 mm) set on June 22, 1972, due to the impact of Hurricane Agnes. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.3 square miles (14 km²), of which, 5.2 squaremile (13 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square mile (0.26 km²") of it (1.14%) is water. The city is located on the Pennsylvania Turnpike, which connects to the New York City area via the Susquehanna River and the Delaware River. It has a population of 1,816,000 (as of the 2010 U.S. Census Bureau estimate). The city's population is expected to rise to 1,200,000 by the end of the year. It is home to the University of Pennsylvania, which has a campus that was founded in 1788.

Demographics

York is the largest principal city of the YorkHanoverGettysburg CSA, a Combined Statistical Area that includes York County and Gettysburg. As of the 2010 census, the city was 51.2% White, 28.0% Black or African American, 0.6% Native American, 1.2%. Asian, and 6.3% were two or more races. The city's population is expected to rise to 44,800 as of the 2020 U.S. census. York is located in York County, Pennsylvania, and the Gettysburg micropolitan area, which had a combined population of 473,043 at the 2000 census. It is located on the Pennsylvania Turnpike, which runs through Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. York has a population of 40,862, with a population density of 7,852.2 inhabitants per square mile (3,031.8/km²) The city has a median income of $26,475, with the median income for a family of $30,762. The per capita income for the city is $13,439, with 23.8% of the population under the age of 18 living below the poverty line.York is home to one of the largest concentrations of Hispanic/Latino residents in the United States, with 38.1% of its population of Hispanic or Latino ancestry. It also has the highest percentage of non-hispanic White residents, with 32.4% being non-Hispanic White.

Economy

York Barbell, located in Manchester Township, is a reseller of barbells and other equipment for weight training and bodybuilding. A large Harley-Davidson motorcycle factory, which employs roughly half of Harley's production workforce, is located just northeast of York in Springettsbury Township. The Stauffer Biscuit Company, owned by Meiji Seika of Japan since February 2004, is based in York and has produced animal crackers since 1871. The York area also boasts a BAE Systems facility in West Manchester Township which assembles various military tanks and equipment. The Glatfelter manufacturing company, founded in 1864, is headquartered in York, though announced in February 2020 its plans to relocate to Charlotte, North Carolina in mid-year. Christmas Tree Hill, a popular national Christmas, home decor, and gift retailer, is housed in the historic Meadowbrook Mansion, constructed in East York in the early 1800s. A massive explosion occurred at the York International plant in 1998, a spark had set off a leak in the nearby propane storage house. The blast was felt up to 25 miles away, and blew out windows nearby as well as knocking down doors. About 20 people were injured in the blast and one person was killed, as the explosion occurred during a shift change. A Starbucks roasting facility in East Manchester Township is one of only four Starbucks roasts facilities in the world. The company announced in 2018 that it would be closing its Spring Grove paper mill in 2018.

Arts and culture

York is home to four national historic districts. The historic York State Fair, which claims to be the country's oldest, traces its roots to 1765. The York Whistle Factory holds the world record for the loudest music without amplification from a musical instrument. The city is also home to DreamWrights Center for Community Arts, The Belmont Theatre, The Pullo Center at Penn State York, and the Appell Center for the Performing Arts (formerly Strand-Capitol Per performing Arts Center) The city also hosts the annual National Street Rod Association Street Rod Nationals East, the largest annual street rod event in the Eastern US. It is thought that this annual tradition was started around 1925. After the New York Wire Cloth Company closed in 2013, the Metso whistle company moved their Christmas music to York for a short time around midnight. In 2016, what was the York County Heritage Center was re-branded as the York Country History Center. The YCHC hosts a variety of events throughout the year, and holds the rights to the Murals of York, a group of murals that depict York's history. It was founded in 1999 after a merger of the Historical Society of York County and the Agricultural and Industrial Museum of York county (AIM). In 1992, AIM acquired an industrial complex consisting of six buildings (c.1874 to 1955); three of the buildings were renovated and now house the industrial portion of the collection. In 2013, York County History Center purchased a former Met-Ed steam plant in York in late 2015, and plans to turn it into a new history center.

Sports

The York Revolution plays in the independent Atlantic League of Professional Baseball. The War of the Roses All-Star Game is played in York every year over the weekend of Thanksgiving. The York Capitals indoor football team was founded in 2012 and began play with the American Indoor Football league in April 2013. York is home to the "Plywood Hoods", a group of BMX freestylers, including Kevin Jones, who gained broad acclaim in the 1980s and 1990s. York was the birthplace of former New York Giants Linebacker Andre Powell, former Miami Dolphins running back Woodrow (Woody) Bennett, former Los Angeles Raiders and Atlanta Falcons Tackle/Guard Lincoln Kennedy and former Atlanta Falcons safety Omar Brown. Former Pittsburgh Steelers fullback Jon Witman graduated from Eastern York High School. York will host the 2019 PDGA Amateur Golf World Championships, having won six other bids against six other golf courses. York US30 was a drag strip just outside York. It held the 1965 Super Stock championships "the largest largest drag race" in the United States. There has been a new park built entitled "Reid Menzer Memorial Skatepark", named for a York Catholic High School student who was killed riding a skateboard like a streetluge. The stadium features a plaza and statue in honor of MLB Hall of Fame third baseman Brooks Robinson, a one-time member of the aforementioned White Roses. At 37 feet, 8 inches, the left field wall of York's ballpark surpasses the height of the Green Monster at Fenway Park, the home of the Boston Red Sox.

Government

York was featured during the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election. Kim Bracey won the Democratic primary and became the favored candidate for mayor. Michael Helfrich defeated Bracey by only 133 votes in 2017. HelfRich was inaugurated as mayor on January 2, 2018. The Grace of Silence: A Memoir was published in September 2010. The book was inspired by conversations "with a diverse group of voters" in York. It was written by Michele Norris and Steve Inskeep, who featured the city in "The York Project: Race & the '08 Vote" on National Public Radio in June 2009. Norris announced on the air that she was taking time off to write a book inspired by her conversations with voters in York, and it was released in June 2010. It is the first book by a woman of color to be published in the state of Pennsylvania, and the first by an African-American woman in the United States. The city is located in a battleground state, and has a rich history (including its strained race relations), and demographics. York is also located in Pennsylvania's Piedmont region, which is one of the most conservative regions in the country. The state has a population of more than 1.5 million, and is home to the University of Pennsylvania's College of Arts and Sciences, which was founded in 1876. It also has a history of racial tensions, including the founding of the College of Pennsylvania in 1875. The town is in the eastern part of Pennsylvania and is located on the Pennsylvania Turnpike.

Education

York and the surrounding area are served by the York City, Dallastown, Eastern York, West York, Central York, York Suburban, Southern York County, Red Lion, Northeastern York, Dover, Hanover, South Western, Spring Grove, York County School of Technology and South Eastern public school districts. The city is home to York College of Pennsylvania, which was founded in 1787; Penn State York; Harrisburg Area Community College's York Campus; YTI Career Institute (YTI), which offers accredited degree and diploma programs in the business, healthcare, and culinary fields. Some of the private Christian schools in the area include, Christian School of York, Shrewsbury Christian Academy, and York Catholic High School. Lincoln Charter School was established in 2000, Helen Thackston Charter School in 2009, andYork Academy Regional Charter school in 2011. York Time Institute, which offers diplomas in clock repair and restoration, is based in the city. York used to house the Art Institute of York-Pennsylvania, formerly Bradley Academy for the Visual Arts, until its closure in 2017, as well as the Yorktowne Business Institute (yBI) & School of Culinary Arts. There are also a number of charter schools inthe area. The York City School District is the largest public school district in the state, with more than 1,000 students in grades 7-12. The school district is also home to the York Area School District, which has more than 2,500 students.

Air Quality, Water Quality, Superfund Sites & UV Index

The Air Quality index is in York, York County, Pennsylvania = 22.4. These Air Quality index is based on annual reports from the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The number of ozone alert days is used as an indicator of air quality, as are the amounts of seven pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and volatile organic chemicals. The Water Quality Index is 40. A measure of the quality of an area’s water supply as rated by the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The EPA has a complex method of measuring the watershed quality, using 15 indicators such as pollutants, turbidity, sediments, and toxic discharges. The Superfund Sites Index is 20. Higher is better (100=best). Based upon the number and impact of EPA Superfund pollution sites in the county, including spending on the cleanup efforts. The UV Index in York = 3.9 and is a measure of an area's exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. This is most often a combination of sunny weather, altitude, and latitude. The UV Index has been defined by the WHO (www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-the-ultraviolet-(uv)-index) and is uniform worldwide.

Employed

The most recent city population of 44,800 individuals with a median age of 41.9 age the population grows by 16.86% in York, York County, Pennsylvania population since 2000 and are distributed over a density of 8,389.5 residents per square mile of area (3,237.0/km²). There are average 2.29 people per household in the 11,782 households with an average household income of $58,353 a year. The unemployment rate in Alabama is 14.70% of the available work force and has dropped -4.99% over the most recent 12-month period and the projected change in job supply over the next decade based on migration patterns, economic growth, and other factors will increase by 21.52%. The number of physicians in York per 100,000 population = 178.7.

Weather

The annual rainfall in York = 41.6 inches and the annual snowfall = 28.8 inches. The annual number of days with measurable precipitation (over .01 inch) = 126. The average number of days per year that are predominantly sunny = 199. 88 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily high temperature for the month of July and 21.6 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily low temperature for the month of January. The Comfort Index (higher=better) is 46, where higher values mean a more pleasant climate. The Comfort Index measure recognizes that humidity by itself isn't the problem. (Have you noticed nobody ever complains about the weather being 'cold and humid?) It's in the summertime that we notice the humidity the most, when it's hot and muggy. Our Comfort Index uses a combination of afternoon summer temperature and humidity to closely predict the effect that the humidity will have on people.

Median Home Cost

The percentage of housing units in York, York County, Pennsylvania which are owned by the occupant = 67.80%. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home, or room occupied as separate living quarters. The average age of homes = 27 years with median home cost = $135,430 and home appreciation of -5.13%. This is the value of the years most recent home sales data. Its important to note that this is not the average (or arithmetic mean). The median home price is the middle value when you arrange all the sales prices of homes from lowest to highest. This is a better indicator than the average, because the median is not changed as much by a few unusually high or low values. The property tax rate of $13.79 shown here is the rate per $1,000 of home value. If for simplification for example the tax rate is $14.00 and the home value is $250,000, the property tax would be $14.00 x ($250,000/1000), or $3500. This is the 'effective' tax rate.

Study

The local school district spends $5,569 per student. There are 15.7 students for each teacher in the school, 841 students for each Librarian and 381 students for each Counselor. 6.64% of the area’s population over the age of 25 with an Associate Degree or other 2-year college degree, 19.16% with a master’s degree, Ph.D. or other advanced college degree and 9.61% with high school diplomas or high school equivalency degrees (GEDs).