Dayton

Dayton is the sixth-largest city in the state of Ohio and the county seat of Montgomery County. The 2020 U.S. census estimate put the city population at 137,644, while Greater Dayton was estimated to be at 814,049 residents. Dayton is within Ohio's Miami Valley region, 50 miles (80 km) north of the Greater Cincinnati area. The city is also known for its many patents, inventions, and inventors, most notably the Wright brothers' invention of powered flight. In 2007 Dayton was a part of the top 100 cities in America. In 2010, Dayton was named one of the best places in the United States for college graduates to find a job. It is estimated that Premier Health Partners, a hospital network, contributes more than $2 billion a year to the region through operating, employment, and capital expenditures. Dayton has been the home to many patents and inventions since the 1870s. In 1906, Charles F. Kettering, a leading engineer at the company, helped develop the first cash register, which propelled NCR into the national spotlight. In 2008, 2009, and 2010, Site Selection magazine ranked Dayton the #1 mid-sized metropolitan area in the nation for economic development. It was also ranked fifth in the early 1870s as early as the nation as a manufacturing epicenter for manufacturing. In the early 1900s, the city was also home to James Ritty's Incorruptible Cash Register, which helped crack the World Enigma machine cipher during World War II.

History

Dayton is the primary city name, but also Beavercreek, Kettering are acceptable city names or spellings, Beaver Creek on the other hand no longer accepted or obsolete and are no longer used as a designation. The official name is City of Dayton. Dayton was founded on April 1, 1796, by 12 settlers known as the Thompson Party. The city was named after Jonathan Dayton, a captain in the American Revolutionary War who signed the U.S. Constitution and owned a significant amount of land in the area. Orville and Wilbur Wright were the first to construct and demonstrate powered flight. The Wright brothers, inventors of the airplane, and Charles F. Kettering, world-renowned for his numerous inventions, hailed from Dayton. Paul Laurence Dunbar, an African-American poet and novelist, penned his most famous works in the late 19th century and became an integral part of the city's history. In 1913, a catastrophic flood led to the creation of the Dayton Conservancy District, a series of dams around the city. On January 13, 1948, the facility was renamed Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, and it is still in use today.

Geography

Dayton's climate features warm, muggy summers and cold, dry winters. The highest temperature ever recorded in Dayton was 108 °F (42 °C) on July 22, 1901. On average, there are 14 days of 90°F (32°C) highs and 4.5 nights of sub-0 °F lows annually. Snow is moderate, with a normal seasonal accumulation of 23.3 in (59 cm) Precipitation averages 41.1 inches (1,040 mm) annually, with total rainfall peaking in May. Tornadoes are possible from the spring to the fall. Floods, blizzards, and severe thunderstorms can also occur. On Memorial Day of 2019, Dayton suffered extensive property damage and one death during a tornado outbreak, in which a total of 15 tornadoes touched down in the Dayton area. In the mid-1960s, the freezing of Lake Erie and associated marshlands led species of waterfowl to appear in Dayton-area, where surface waters remained unfrozen. Nine varieties of birds have been observed every year. The Dayton chapter manages local activities contributing to the annual, hemisphere-wide Christmas Bird Count. The chapter began participation in the National Count in 1924. The local Count was initially coordinated by Ben Blincoe, who was succeeded by Jim Hill in 1970. It is now the National Audubon Society's local chapter. The city has a total area of 56.50 square miles (146.33 km²) according to the U.S. Census Bureau.

Demographics

Dayton's population declined significantly from a peak of 262,332 residents in 1960 to only 141,759 in 2010. This was in part due to the slowdown of the region's manufacturing and the growth of Dayton's affluent suburbs including Oakwood, Englewood, Beavercreek, Springboro, Miamisburg, Kettering, and Centerville. The city's most populous ethnic group, white, declined from 78.1% in1960 to 51.7% by 2010. The 2013 census population estimate showed a slight Dayton population increase for the first time in five decades. However, the 2014 population estimate indicated a decrease of individuals from 2013's estimate. The median income for a household in the city was $27,523, and the medianincome for a family was $34,978. About 18.2% of families and 23.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 32.0 percent of those under age 18 and 15.3% of those age 65 or over. The population density was 2,543.2 inhabitants per square mile (981.9/km²) as of the 2010 census. There were 74,065 housing units at an average density of 1,330.9 per squaremile (513.9 /km²). The racial makeup of the city is 51. 7% White, 42.9% African American, 0.3%. Native American, 1.9%. Asian, and 2.9. from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.0%.

Economy

Dayton's economy is relatively diversified and vital to the overall economy of the state of Ohio. In 2008 and 2009, Site Selection magazine ranked Dayton the #1 medium-sized metropolitan area in the U.S. for economic development. The Dayton Development Coalition is attempting to leverage the region's large water capacity, estimated to be 1.5 trillion gallons of renewable water aquifers, to attract new businesses. In 2009, Governor Ted Strickland designated Dayton as Ohio's aerospace innovation hub, the state's first such technology hub. Two major United States research and development organizations have leveraged Dayton's historical leadership in aviation and maintain their headquarters in the area: The National Air and Space Intelligence Center (NASIC) and the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). Both have their headquarters at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. The city of Dayton has started Tech Town, a development project to attract technology-based firms and revitalize the downtown area. The region has several key institutes and centers for health care. The Kettering Health Network and Premier Health Partners have a major role on the Dayton area's economy. Hospitals in the Greater Dayton area have an estimated combined employment of nearly 32,000 and a yearly economic impact of $6.8 billion. In addition, several Dayton area hospitals consistently earn top national ranking and recognition including U.S. News & World Report's list of "America's Best Hospitals" as well as many of HealthGrades top ratings. The most notable hospitals are Miami Valley Hospital and Kettering Medical Center.

Government

The Dayton City Commission is composed of the mayor and four city commissioners. Each city commission member is elected at-large on a non-partisan basis for four-year, overlapping terms. All policy items are decided by the city commission, which is empowered by the City Charter to pass ordinances and resolutions, adopt regulations, and appoint the city manager. The city manager is responsible for budgeting and implementing policies and initiatives. Dayton was the first large American city to adopt the city Manager form of municipal government, in 1913. The City Charter was approved by voters in a referendum on November 6, 2013. The vote was 3-2 in favor of the City Commission. The next election will be held on November 14, 2014. The election for the mayor will take place on November 16, 2014, at 9 a.m. (GMT-4). The city commission will then vote on a candidate for the position of city manager, who will be appointed by the mayor. The candidate will then be chosen by the commission for a two-year term, starting on November 17, 2015, at 10 a.M. (GMT-4) and ending on November 19, 2015. The current city manager was appointed on November 18, 2013, at 11 a. M.E. and will serve until November 20, 2015 at 10:30 a.S. (M.E.) The city commissioner is elected for a four- year, overlapping term for a total of eight years. The mayor and the city commissioner are elected for four years, on an overlapping term of four years each.

Cityscape

Dayton's two tallest buildings are the Kettering Tower at 408 ft (124 m) and the KeyBank Tower at 385 ft (117 m) The Dayton Arcade, which opened on March 3, 1904, was built in the hopes of replacing open-air markets throughout the city. In 2009, the CareSource Management Group finished construction of a $55 million corporate headquarters in downtown Dayton. Dayton's ten historic neighborhoods feature mostly single-family houses and mansions in the Neoclassical, Jacobethan, Tudor Revival, English Gothic, Chateauesque, Craftsman, Queen Anne, Georgian Revival, Colonial Revival, Renaissance Revival Architecture, Shingle Style Architecture, Prairie, Mission Revival, American Foursquare, and Federal styles. The city's suburbs with a population of 10,000 or more include Beavercreek, Centerville, Clayton, Englewood, Fairborn, Harrison Township, Huber Heights, Kettering, Miami Township, Oakwood, Riverside, Springboro, Trotwood, Vandalia, Washington Township, West Carrollton, and Xenia. The Old Court House has been a favored political campaign stop. On September 17, 1859, Abraham Lincoln delivered an address on its steps. Eight other presidents have visited the courthouse, either as presidents or during presidential campaigns: Andrew Johnson, James Garfield, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, and Bill Clinton. In the federal government's National Urban Policy and New Community Development Act of 1970, funding was provided for thirteen "new towns" or planned cities throughout the country.

Recreation

Dayton was named National Geographic's outdoor adventure capital of the Midwest in 2019. Five Rivers MetroParks hosts 340 miles of paved trails, the largest network of paved off-street trails in the United States. In 2010, the city of Troy was named "bike friendly" by the League of American Bicyclists, which gave the city the organization's bronze designation. Dayton is one of two cities in Ohio to receive the award, the other being Columbus, and one of 15 cities nationwide. The regional trail system represents over 35% of the 900 miles in Ohio's off- street trail network. The city of Dayton is home to more than 1,000 miles of trails, making it one of the largest cities in the U.S. to have a paved trail system. It is also home to over 300 miles of urban green spaces, including parks, lakes and camping areas. It also has a large number of lakes and rivers, making Dayton a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts. It was named the Midwest's Outdoor Adventure Capital of the Year by National Geographic in 2013 and 2014, and was named Outdoor Adventure City of the year in 2014 and 2015, and outdoor adventure city of the decade in 2010 and 2011. The City of Dayton was also named " Bike Friendly" in 2010, and received an honorable mention award in 2011 and 2012, making the city one of only two in the state of Ohio to be so honored. In 2013, Dayton was named one of three cities in America to be named "Bike Friendly".

Culture

Dayton is home to the Schuster Performing Arts Center, the home of the Dayton Philharmonic Orchestra, Dayton Opera, and the Dayton Ballet. The city's fine dining restaurants include The Pine Club, a nationally known steakhouse. Dayton is also home to Esther Price Candies, a candy and chocolate company, and Mike-sells, the oldest potato chip company in the United States. Many major religions are represented in Dayton by dozens of denominations and their respective churches. Dayton's Muslim community is largely represented by the Islamic Society of Greater Dayton (ISGD), a Muslim community that includes a mosque on Josie Street. Notable Dayton-based restaurant chains include Hot Head Burritos and Cassano's and Marion's Piazza. In a 2012 readers' poll by American Style magazine, Dayton ranked #2 in the country among mid-size cities as an arts destination, ranking higher than larger cities such as Atlanta, St. Louis, and Cincinnati. The Schuster Center hosts concerts, lectures, and traveling Broadway shows, and is a popular spot for weddings and other events. In 2013, John Kenley was inducted into the Dayton Theatre Hall of Fame. The Dayton Playhouse, in West Dayton, is the site of numerous plays and theatrical productions. Between 1957 and 1995, the Kenley Players presented live theater productions in Dayton. In the late 2010s, Dayton began developing a reputation for its number of breweries and craft beer venues by theLate 2010s. The largest artists' collective, Front Street, is housed in three industrial buildings on East Second Street.

Tourism

Dayton is home to the National Museum of the United States Air Force at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. The Vectren Dayton Air Show is an annual air show that takes place at the Dayton International Airport. The Dayton area is served by Five Rivers MetroParks, encompassing 14,161 acres (5,731 ha) over 23 facilities for year-round recreation, education, and conservation. The city of Dayton is also host to yearly festivals, such as the Dayton Celtic Festival, the Dayton Blues Festival, Urban Nights, Women in Jazz, the African American and Reggae Fest, and the Dayton Cityfolk Festival. The area is also home to several minor league and NCAA Division I sports teams. The Cincinnati Reds are a Class A minor league affiliate for the Dayton Dragons, the only team in minor league baseball history to sell out an entire season before it began. The Portland Trail Blazers are the longest sellout streak across all professional sports in the U.S. for the longest time (815 consecutive sellouts in all of professional sports). The Dayton University of an Collegiate Baseball team is an NCAA Division II college baseball team. The Nutter Center is the home arena for athletics of Wright State University and the former Dayton Bombers hockey team. South of Dayton in Kettering is the Fraze Pavilion, whose notable performances have included the Backstreet Boys, Boston, and Steve Miller Band. The Oregon District is a historic residential and commercial district in southeast downtown Dayton. The district is populated with art galleries, specialty shops, pubs, nightclubs, and coffee houses.

Air Quality, Water Quality, Superfund Sites & UV Index

The Air Quality index is in Dayton, Greene County, Ohio = 39.6. These Air Quality index is based on annual reports from the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The number of ozone alert days is used as an indicator of air quality, as are the amounts of seven pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and volatile organic chemicals. The Water Quality Index is 33. A measure of the quality of an area’s water supply as rated by the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The EPA has a complex method of measuring the watershed quality, using 15 indicators such as pollutants, turbidity, sediments, and toxic discharges. The Superfund Sites Index is 30. Higher is better (100=best). Based upon the number and impact of EPA Superfund pollution sites in the county, including spending on the cleanup efforts. The UV Index in Dayton = 3.8 and is a measure of an area's exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. This is most often a combination of sunny weather, altitude, and latitude. The UV Index has been defined by the WHO (www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-the-ultraviolet-(uv)-index) and is uniform worldwide.

Employed

The most recent city population of 137,644 individuals with a median age of 35.1 age the population dropped by -7.56% in Dayton, Greene County, Ohio population since 2000 and are distributed over a density of 2,466.47 residents per square mile of area (952.31/km²). There are average 2.25 people per household in the 63,156 households with an average household income of $30,733 a year. The unemployment rate in Alabama is of the available work force and has dropped -5.67% over the most recent 12-month period and the projected change in job supply over the next decade based on migration patterns, economic growth, and other factors will increase by 16.26%. The number of physicians in Dayton per 100,000 population = 282.6.

Weather

The annual rainfall in Dayton = 38.8 inches and the annual snowfall = 17.5 inches. The annual number of days with measurable precipitation (over .01 inch) = 126. The average number of days per year that are predominantly sunny = 176. 87 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily high temperature for the month of July and 21.9 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily low temperature for the month of January. The Comfort Index (higher=better) is 43, where higher values mean a more pleasant climate. The Comfort Index measure recognizes that humidity by itself isn't the problem. (Have you noticed nobody ever complains about the weather being 'cold and humid?) It's in the summertime that we notice the humidity the most, when it's hot and muggy. Our Comfort Index uses a combination of afternoon summer temperature and humidity to closely predict the effect that the humidity will have on people.

Median Home Cost

The percentage of housing units in Dayton, Greene County, Ohio which are owned by the occupant = 44.25%. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home, or room occupied as separate living quarters. The average age of homes = 58 years with median home cost = $52,470 and home appreciation of -5.01%. This is the value of the years most recent home sales data. Its important to note that this is not the average (or arithmetic mean). The median home price is the middle value when you arrange all the sales prices of homes from lowest to highest. This is a better indicator than the average, because the median is not changed as much by a few unusually high or low values. The property tax rate of $14.48 shown here is the rate per $1,000 of home value. If for simplification for example the tax rate is $14.00 and the home value is $250,000, the property tax would be $14.00 x ($250,000/1000), or $3500. This is the 'effective' tax rate.

Study

The local school district spends $6,111 per student. There are 15.6 students for each teacher in the school, 1016 students for each Librarian and 716 students for each Counselor. 6.37% of the area’s population over the age of 25 with an Associate Degree or other 2-year college degree, 9.76% with a master’s degree, Ph.D. or other advanced college degree and 5.08% with high school diplomas or high school equivalency degrees (GEDs).